Electronic identification

関連記事

• Common Access Card
• スマートカード

An electronic identification ("eID") is an electronic identification solution of citizens or organizations, for example in view to access benefits or services provided by government authorities, banks or other companies. Apart from online authentication many eICs also give users the option to sign electronic documents with a digital signature.

Installation

All types of electronic identification require installing the ccid package. After installation, enable, and start pcscd.socket. In addition, ACS smart cards also require the acsccid package.

If you have a CR-75 card reader (1307:0361), you will also have to compile the following driver: https://github.com/jordidg/libcr75. Reconnect the reader after that.

pcsc-tools contains pcsc_scan program that can be used to check smart card detection Smartcards#Scan for card reader.

For PIN entry, pinentry is used. This requires either gtk2 or qt5-base to be installed to draw the window where you can enter your PIN number.

Belgium

To identify with an identification card reader, the following steps are required:

• The app for authentication [1]

Import the (continuous build) keys from [2]. See makepkg#Signature checking. Install the eid-mw package. Run:

$ about-eid-mw 

which should open a window. In the window, check that the "PCSC daemon status" is "running". If it is not the case, start pcscd.service. In the same window, copy the value for "PKCS#11 location". This value can alternatively be found by first finding the module (which might be beidpkcs11.so) by doing:

# p11tool --list-tokens

Then finding the full path with:

# find /usr/lib -name beidpkcs11.so

• The driver of the card reader itself.

Look at the brand of the card reader; there is a high chance it is ACS (Advanced Card System Ltd). If it is ACS, go to https://belgeid.be/product/acr38 and download the Linux driver. Follow the described install driver process.

• Know which internet browser you will be using

For Chrome, no plugin. For Chromium, you will need to install opensc and p11-kit as well. You may consider: https://devctl.blogspot.com/2014/01/making-belgian-eid-work-on-arch-linux.html

For Firefox, add the Firefox plugin to your browser. In recent versions, you will need to manually add the eID module to the Firefox security devices configuration. Your module path might be different than the one in the guide, use the value of "PKCS#11 location" found with the instructions at the authentication paragraph.

To test if the setup worked, try it out on the test page. You may find hints for troubleshooting in the official documentation but keep in mind that Arch Linux is not officially supported.

Signing documents

Signing emails with Thunderbird and documents with LibreOffice is explained in a blog post by Luc Stroobant.

Depending on your system configuration it may be possible to run Adobe Reader DC under wine (see also the official FAQ on digital digital signatures). If using Adobe Reader is not possible, you can use Belgian Federal Public Services' "signing box". Using this service requires the installation of an extra eID middleware and extension by e-contract.be. Navigate to the signing box page, upload any pdf-file and attempt to add a digital signature to begin the installation process.

Alternatively, okular provides native digital signing of pdf's in Linux since version 21.04.

Brazil (ICP-Brasil)

SSL

Install ca-certificates-icp_br^AUR as the Brazilian root CAs are not part of Mozilla's NSS due to a long standing issue.

Smart Cards (A3 certificates)

1. Install safesignidentityclient^AUR and opensc.

2. Start/enable pcscd.service

ノート: Having the "CAC Module" (/usr/lib/opensc-pkcs11.so) enabled can cause problems both in Firefox and Chrome

Firefox

Navigate to Edit -> Preference -> Advanced -> Certificates -> Security Devices and click "Load" to load a module using /usr/lib/libaetpkss.so and name it ICP-Brasil A3 - Safe Sign Identity Client.

ノート: Firefox may report the module did not load correctly however you will have to check in the security devices to confirm whether the module properly loaded or not

Test it by going to Receita Federal's e-CAC.

Chrome

Ensure Chrome is closed and run:

 modutil -dbdir sql:$HOME/.pki/nssdb/ -add "ICP-Brasil A3 - Safe Sign Identity Client" -libfile /usr/lib/libaetpkss.so

Estonia

See

• https://www.id.ee/?lang=en
• Automated installation script in Estonian community wiki: EST | ENG. Although initially created for Manjaro Linux, it is also suitable for Arch Linux and other related distributions that use pacman.

DigiDoc

Once ccid is installed and pcscd.socket is started, install qdigidoc4^AUR. One of the dependency xml-security-c^AUR is verified with a signature that you have to import to your GnuPG keyring. If you have an ACS card reader, acsccid is required.

DigiDoc4 has an optional GNOME/Files right click menu integration that requires python-nautilus to be installed. Currently this is broken due to missing Python 3 support

ノート: chrome-token-signing^AUR contains the "Token signing" extension that allows digital signatures on the web for both Google Chrome/Chromium and Firefox.

Chromium

After installing chrome-token-signing^AUR, enable the PIN 1 authentication in Google Chrome and Chromium by running the following command (taken from the open-eid repo).

 modutil -dbdir sql:$HOME/.pki/nssdb -add opensc-pkcs11 -libfile onepin-opensc-pkcs11.so -mechanisms FRIENDLY

Firefox

To enable PIN 1 authentication in Firefox you should install esteidpkcs11loader^AUR and chrome-token-signing^AUR. After restarting the browser make sure that "Firefox PKCS11 loader" extension is enabled. You can also follow manual instructions at Smartcards#Mozilla Firefox.

Finland

Official instructions: https://dvv.fi/kansalaisvarmenne-kortinlukijaohjelmisto.

mPollux Digisign Client

First install the prequisites as described in #Installation. Then install vrk-mpollux-digisign-client^AUR. Launch the client, connect your reader and put in your card. Click the icon in your status bar once it turns yellow. This should trigger the card activation process if you have not activated it before.

Firefox

Navigate to Security Devices page (Search it via Preferences), then click Load and set Module Name to DigiSign PKCS#11-moduuli and module filename to /usr/lib/libcryptoki.so. Finally restrart Firefox. The card can be tested at: https://dvv.fi/testaa-varmenteen-kayttoa.

Germany

ReinerSCT devices

For some devices, you need to install pcsc-cyberjack^AUR and copy the default configuration file /etc/pcsc-cyberjack/cyberjack.conf.default to the same folder, without the .default suffix. Restart pcsc.service and applications like ausweisapp2^AUR should recognize the scanner. The ReinerSCT RFID will blink its LED, which it does not when the driver is not installed correctly.

Spain

DNI electrónico (DNIe)

Install ca-certificates-dnie^AUR. To sign documents using your identity card, install autofirma^AUR.

Sweden

BankID is the leading electronic identification in Sweden.