OpenGLのソースを表示

[[Category:グラフィック]]
[[Category:開発]]
[[en:OpenGL]]
From [[wikipedia:OpenGL]]:
: OpenGL (Open Graphics Library) is a cross-language, cross-platform application programming interface (API) for rendering 2D and 3D vector graphics.

Learn more at [https://www.khronos.org/opengl/ Khronos].

== Installation ==

To run any application that uses OpenGL you will need to [[install]] driver(s) for your hardware (either GPUs or CPUs)

* {{Pkg|mesa}} is an open-source OpenGL implementation, continually updated to support the latest OpenGL specification. It has a collection of open-source drivers for [[Intel graphics]], [[ATI]], [[AMDGPU|AMD]], [[AMDGPU PRO|AMD PRO]], and [[NVIDIA]] GPUs and also provides software rasterizers, The included drivers in the package are
** {{ic|i915}} : for GMA 916G as well as the i830, i845 and i865 integrated GPU series.
** {{ic|i965}} : for Intel's Gen 4 hardware and later. It is officially supported by Intel.
** {{ic|iris}} : for Intel's Gen 8 hardware and later. It is officially supported by Intel.
** {{ic|r100}} : for AMD's Radeon R100 GPU series.
** {{ic|r200}} : for AMD's Radeon R200 GPU series.
** {{ic|r300}} : for AMD's Radeon R300, R400, and R500 GPU series.
** {{ic|r600}} : for AMD's Radeon HD 2000 GPU series and later. It is officially supported by AMD.
** {{ic|radeonsi}} : for AMD's Southern Island GPUs and later. It is officially supported by AMD.
** {{ic|nouveau}} : [[Nouveau]] is the open-source driver for [[NVIDIA]] GPUs.
** {{ic|virgl}} : is a virtual GPU driver for sharing a GPU with a host for virtual machines.
** {{ic|svga}} : for VMware virtual GPUs.
** {{ic|zink}} : is a Gallium driver, it can be used to run OpenGL on vulkan.
** {{ic|swrast}} : Legacy software rasterizer.
** {{ic|softpipe}} : Software rasterizer, a reference Gallium driver.
** {{ic|llvmpipe}} : Software rasterizer, uses LLVM for x86 JIT code generation and is multi-threaded.
** {{ic|swr}} : High performance software rasterizer that uses AVX and AVX2 CPU instructions, also known as [https://www.openswr.org/ OpenSWR].
{{Note|The right driver for mesa should be selected automatically, you do not have to configure it, just install the package.}}

* {{Pkg|nvidia-utils}} is proprietary driver for [[NVIDIA]] GPUs.

* {{AUR|amdgpu-pro-libgl}} is proprietary driver for [[AMDGPU PRO|AMD PRO]] GPUs.

{{Tip|
* For AMD (and ATI) it is recommended to use the open-source driver unless you have a very strong reason to use proprietary one.
* For NVIDIA installing the proprietary driver is mostly better for newer cards or better performance in general.}}

== Verification ==

To verify your OpenGL installation you can use {{Pkg|mesa-utils}} {{ic|glxinfo}} and you should get output like this :

{{hc|1=$ glxinfo {{!}} grep OpenGL|2=
OpenGL vendor string: X.Org
OpenGL renderer string: AMD RV620 (DRM 2.50.0 / 5.10.12-arch1-1, LLVM 11.0.1)
OpenGL core profile version string: 3.3 (Core Profile) Mesa 20.3.4
OpenGL core profile shading language version string: 3.30
OpenGL core profile context flags: (none)
OpenGL core profile profile mask: core profile
OpenGL core profile extensions:
OpenGL version string: 3.0 Mesa 20.3.4
OpenGL shading language version string: 1.30
OpenGL context flags: (none)
OpenGL extensions:
OpenGL ES profile version string: OpenGL ES 3.0 Mesa 20.3.4
OpenGL ES profile shading language version string: OpenGL ES GLSL ES 3.00
OpenGL ES profile extensions:
}}
(with different values depending on your setup, of course)

From the same package you can also try {{ic|glxgears}}, you should see 3 rotating gears.

== Switching between drivers ==

For [[Hybrid graphics]] you might want to see [[PRIME]].
{{Note|According to a [https://www.reddit.com/r/linuxhardware/comments/he9nhe/amd_and_nvidia_gpus_in_the_same_machine_it_works/ reddit post] can have 2 GPUs from different vendors working concurrently just fine.}}

=== Mesa ===

You can override used driver using the following [[environment variable]]:

 MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE=''driver''

By default mesa searches for drivers in {{ic|/lib/dri/}} you can see the list of drivers by

 $ ls /lib/dri/

{{ic|''driver''}} is the name of the driver without {{ic|_dri.so}}. If it failed it will fallback to llvmpipe.

You can also use OpenGL software rasterizer drivers by setting the following [[environment variables]]:

 LIBGL_ALWAYS_SOFTWARE=true
 GALLIUM_DRIVER=''driver''

{{ic|''driver''}} is one of {{ic|softpipe}}, {{ic|llvmpipe}}, or {{ic|swr}}.

{{Tip|As of the time of writing this llvmpipe & swr are faster than softpipe.}}

== OpenGL over Vulkan (Zink) ==

If you experience some issues (a bug in RadeonSI, Iris, etc.), you may try using Zink.

On AMD RX 6700 XT the FPS is 58-105% depending on a game compared to RadeonSI according to [https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=zink-ends-2021&num=1].

As of 2021-11-30, many applications do not work on NVIDIA GPUs even with the latest driver 495.44 and {{AUR|mesa-git}}'s master branch. When paired with Copper DRI extension (not yet upstreamed), the average FPS in Tomb Raider is 20% higher on a RTX 2070.

 $ env __GLX_VENDOR_LIBRARY_NAME=mesa MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE=zink GALLIUM_DRIVER=zink %app%

== Development ==

{{Note|This section is for developers who wants to use OpenGL. End users do not need any thing from this section.}}
Using OpenGL in code requires functions loader, read more at [https://www.khronos.org/opengl/wiki/OpenGL_Loading_Library Khronos].

{{Expansion|Put list of packages relevant to OpenGL and in Arch repo}}

=== OpenGL Hardware Database ===

[https://www.gpuinfo.org/ GPUInfo] provides user reported GPU/driver combinations, supported extensions, capabilities, etc.