NTFSのソースを表示

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From [[Wikipedia:NTFS|Wikipedia]]:
:'''NTFS (New Technology File System)''' is a proprietary journaling file system developed by Microsoft. Starting with Windows NT 3.1, it is the default file system of the Windows NT family.

Since Linux 5.15, [https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/filesystems/ntfs3.html ntfs3] provides read and write support for the file system. All [[カーネル#公式サポートカーネル|公式サポートカーネル]] with versions 5.15 or newer are built with {{ic|1=CONFIG_NTFS3_FS=m}} and thus support it.

For kernels < 5.15, NTFS read and write support is provided by the [[NTFS-3G]] FUSE file system. Or you can use backported NTFS3 via {{AUR|ntfs3-dkms}}.

{{Note|Paragon has not yet released userspace utilities for NTFS3.}}

== Tips and tricks ==

=== Improving performance ===

You can enable some {{man|8|mount}} options to improve the performance:

* {{ic|noatime}} – can speed up the file system operations.
* {{ic|prealloc}} – decreases fragmentation in case of parallel write operations (most useful for HDD).

== Known issues ==

=== Explicit file system type required to mount ===

{{ic|ntfs3}} requires explicit file system type to mount.

To be able to mount the file system, specify its type as {{ic|ntfs3}}. For example, using {{man|8|mount}}'s {{ic|-t}}/{{ic|--types}} option:

 # mount -t ntfs3 /dev/''sdxY'' ''/mnt''

== Troubleshooting ==

=== unknown filesystem type 'ntfs' ===

When [[mounting]] NTFS, you can encounter an error such as:

 mount: ''/mnt'': unknown filesystem type 'ntfs'

See [[#Explicit file system type required to mount]].

If you want to use {{ic|ntfs3}} as the default driver for {{ic|ntfs}} partitions, such [[udev]] rule does the trick:  

{{hc|/etc/udev/rules.d/ntfs3_by_default.rules|2=SUBSYSTEM=="block", ENV{ID_FS_TYPE}=="ntfs", ENV{ID_FS_TYPE}="ntfs3"}}

Although, this method is not recommended and can confuse some 3rd party tools.

=== udisks support ===

[[udisks]] supports NTFS3, but has some issues at the moment. See udisks [https://github.com/storaged-project/udisks/pull/917 ntfs3 PR] and [https://github.com/storaged-project/udisks/issues/932 issue 932].

As a workaround, add a such option to {{ic|/etc/udisks2/mount_options.conf}} in {{ic|[defaults]}} section:

 ntfs_defaults=uid=$UID,gid=$GID,noatime,prealloc

=== ntfs3: Unknown parameter 'windows_names' ===

See [[#udisks support]].

== See also ==

* [https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/filesystems/ntfs3.html NTFS3 kernel documentation]
* [https://www.paragon-software.com/home/ntfs3-driver-faq/ NTFS3 Driver FAQ] – Paragon Software Group
* [https://openbenchmarking.org/result/2009092-NE-NTFSCOMPA56 NTFS3 performance comparison]