Bluetooth ヘッドセット

関連記事

• Bluetooth
• Bluez4

現在、Arch Linux のデフォルト環境ではリモートオーディオ再生の A2DP プロファイル (Audio Sink) をサポートしています。

ヒント:

• 最新版の Bluez はヘッドセット/ハンズフリープロファイルをサポートしていません。そのためマイク入力は動作せず、A2DP プロファイルをサポートしていないヘッドセットには音声が出力されません。ヘッドセット/ハンズフリープロファイルのヘッドセットを使うときは、AUR を利用して他のパッケージを取得する旧式の方法を使用する必要があります。
• Bluez5 は PulseAudio しかサポートしておらず ALSA はサポートしていません。PulseAudio を使いたくない場合は AUR から昔のバージョンの Bluez をインストールする必要があります。

Bluez5/PulseAudio (git)

PulseAudio 5.x はデフォルトで A2DP をサポートしています。また、git 版では HFP もサポートされています。以下のパッケージをインストールしてください:

# pacman -S pulseaudio-alsa bluez bluez-libs bluez-utils bluez-firmware

Bluetooth システムを起動:

# systemctl start bluetooth

bluetoothctl コマンドラインユーティリティを使うことでペアリングと接続が行えます。bluetoothctl に関する詳細やトラブルシューティングは Bluetooth の記事を見てください。次のコマンドを実行することでコマンドプロンプトを開きます:

# bluetoothctl

そして以下を入力:

# power on
# agent on
# default-agent
# scan on

Now make sure that your headset is in pairing mode. It should be discovered shortly. For example,

[NEW] Device 00:1D:43:6D:03:26 Lasmex LBT10

shows a device that calls itself "Lasmex LBT10" and has MAC address 00:1D:43:6D:03:26. We will now use that MAC address to initiate the pairing:

# pair 00:1D:43:6D:03:26

After pairing, you also need to explicitly connect the device (every time?):

# connect 00:1D:43:6D:03:26

If everything works correctly, you now have a separate output device in PulseAudio.

ノート: The device may be off by default. Select it's audio profile (OFF, A2DP, HFP) in the "Configuration" tab of pavucontrol.

You can now redirect any audio through that device using the "Playback" and "Recording" tabs of pavucontrol.

You can now disable scanning again and exit the program:

# scan off
# exit

トラブルシューティング

Many users report frustration with getting A2DP/Bluetooth Headsets to work.

Selected audio profile, but headset inactive and audio cannot be redirected

Deceptively, this menu is available before the device has been connected; annoyingly it will have no effect. The menu seems to be created as soon as the receiver recognizes the device.

Make sure to run bluetoothctl (with sudo/as root) and connect the device manually. There may be configuration options to remove the need to do this each time, but neither pairing nor trusting induce automatic connecting for me.

AuthenticationFailed でペアリングが失敗する

ペアリングが失敗する場合、次のコマンドで SSPMode を無効化 してみてください:

# hciconfig hci0 sspmode 0

ペアリングは成功するが、接続が失敗する

bluetoothctl で以下のエラーが表示される場合:

[bluetooth]# connect 00:1D:43:6D:03:26
Attempting to connect to 00:1D:43:6D:03:26
Failed to connect: org.bluez.Error.Failed

以下のようなコマンドを使ってログを確認してみてください:

# systemctl status bluetooth
# journalctl -n 20

以下のようなメッセージが確認できる場合:

bluetoothd[5556]: a2dp-sink profile connect failed for 00:1D:43:6D:03:26: Protocol not available

The problem in this case is that PulseAudio is not catching up. A common solution to this problem is to restart PulseAudio. Note that it is perfectly fine to run bluetoothctl as root while PulseAudio runs as user. After restarting PulseAudio, retry to connect. It is not necessary to repeat the pairing.

If restarting PulseAudio does not work, you need to load module-bluetooth-discover.

# pactl load-module module-bluetooth-discover

The same load-module command can be added to /etc/pulse/default.pa.

If that still does not work, or you are using PulseAudio's system-wide mode, also load the following PulseAudio modules (again these can be loaded via your default.pa or system.pa):

module-bluetooth-policy
module-bluez5-device
module-bluez5-discover

To have your headset auto connect you need to enable PulseAudio's switch-on-connect module. Add the following:

/etc/pulse/default.pa

# automatically switch to newly-connected devices
load-module module-switch-on-connect

You then need to tell bluetoothctl to trust your Bluetooth headset, or you will see errors like this:

bluetoothd[487]: Authentication attempt without agent
bluetoothd[487]: Access denied: org.bluez.Error.Rejected

[bluetooth]# trust 00:1D:43:6D:03:26

After a reboot, your Bluetooth adapter will not power on by default. You need to add a udev rule to power it on:

/etc/udev/rules.d/10-local.rules

# Set bluetooth power up
ACTION=="add", SUBSYSTEM=="bluetooth", KERNEL=="hci[0-9]*", RUN+="/usr/bin/hciconfig %k up"

接続は成功するが、音が聞こえない

システムログに以下のメッセージが記録されてないか確認してください:

bluetoothd[5556]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.83 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSource
bluetoothd[5556]: Endpoint registered: sender=:1.83 path=/MediaEndpoint/A2DPSink

If you see a message similar to this, you can go on and investigate your PulseAudio configuration. Otherwise, go back and ensure the connection is successful.

UUIDs has unsupported type

ペアリング中に bluetoothctl で以下のような出力がされることがあります:

[CHG] Device 00:1D:43:6D:03:26 UUIDs has unsupported type

このメッセージは無視してかまいません。

旧式の方法: ALSA-BTSCO

It is much easier to set up your bluetooth headset today, with bluez >= 3.16. You may want to try the out-of-box python script in this blog (you need edit the script to work with gconftool-2). There is also a piece of equivalent bash script here.

You need your headset's bdaddr. It is of the form 12:34:56:78:9A:BC. Either find it in the documentation of your headset, on the headset itself or with the hcitool scan command.

btsco^AUR をインストールしてください。

To load the kernel module, type:

# modprobe snd-bt-sco

There will now be an extra audio device. Use alsamixer -cN (where N is most likely 1) to set the volume. You can access the device with any alsa-capable application by choosing the device BT headset, or with any OSS application by using /dev/dspN as the audio device.

But to actually get any sound, you have to connect your headset to the computer first.

ヘッドセットを接続

If you connect your headset for the first time, read the section about pairing first. To connect to your headset to the computer, use the command

$ btsco -f <bdaddr>

for example

$ btsco -f 12:34:56:78:9A:BC

ヘッドセットとコンピュータをペアリング

The first time you connect the headset, you have to pair it with the computer. To do this, you need your headset's PIN. Depending on your headset you may have to reset the headset and repeat the pairing everytime you used the headset with another bluetooth device.

There are two ways to pair your headset with the computer:

bluez-gnome を使う

Install the bluez-gnome package from the community repository. Then start the bt-applet program. Once you try to connect to the headset, a window will open and ask for the PIN.

passkey-agent を使う

Before connecting to the headset, enter the command

$ passkey-agent --default <pin>

where <pin> is your headset's PIN. Then try to connect to the headset.

ヘッドセットと ALSA デバイス

1. まず公式リポジトリから bluez をインストールしてください。

2. デバイスをスキャン。

$ hcitool (-i <optional hci#>***) scan

3. Pair your headset with your device:

$ bluez-simple-agent (optional hci# ***) XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX

and put in your pin (0000 or 1234, etc)

4. Make sure your /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf allows A2DP Audio Sinks. Place this line just bellow the [General] heading:

Enable=Source,Sink,Media,Socket

5. Add this to your /etc/asound.conf file:

#/etc/asound.conf

pcm.btheadset {
   type plug
   slave {
       pcm {
           type bluetooth
           device XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX 
           profile "auto"
       }   
   }   
   hint {
       show on
       description "BT Headset"
   }   
}
ctl.btheadset {
  type bluetooth
}  

6. Check to see if it has been added to alsa devices

$ aplay -L

7. Now play with aplay:

$ aplay -D btheadset /path/to/audio/file

or Mplayer:

$ mplayer -ao alsa:device=btheadset /path/to/audio/or/video/file

ヒント: To find hci# for a usb dongle, type in

$ hcitool dev

ヘッドセットのマルチメディアボタン

In order to get your bluetooth headset's multimedia buttons (play, pause, next, previous) working you need to create /etc/modules-load.d/uinput.conf containing uinput.

旧式の方法: PulseAudio

This one is much easier and more elegant. PulseAudio will seamlessly switch between output devices when the headset is turned on. If you have ALSA as the sound server, you need the following packages installed: pulseaudio and pulseaudio-alsa.

Now, to configure the audio output to use bluetooth, just install pavucontrol and run it to configure the audio output:

$ pavucontrol

Make sure to take a look at the PulseAudio wiki entry for setting up PulseAudio, especially if you are running KDE.

トラブルシューティング

Audio sink fails

Bluetooth headset is connected, but ALSA/PulseAudio fails to pick up the connected device. You will get "Audio sink fails". According to gentoo wiki, you have to verify than in /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf there is Enable=Socket under the [General] section heading.

Just do a # systemctl restart bluetooth to apply it.

Page timeout issue

If you receive this error whilst trying to pair your headset with your system using bluez-simple-agent, then you can try to restart your system and use the graphical bluez applet of your desktop environment.

旧式のドキュメント: ALSA, bluez5, PulseAudio の方法

ALSA, bluez5, and PulseAudio work together to allow a wireless Bluetooth headset to play audio. The following method works with a Lenovo T61p laptop and SoundBot SB220 wireless bluetooth headset. The required software stack is extensive and failure to include all components can produce errors which are difficult to understand. The following list of software packages might not be the minimum required set and needs to be examined more closely.

Bluez5 has a regression causing HSP/HFP Telephone profile to not be available. This regression is documented in the draft release notes for Pulseaudio 5.0 which say (in "Notes for packagers"): "PulseAudio now supports BlueZ 5, but only the A2DP profile. BlueZ 4 is still the only way to make HSP/HFP work." (from here)

ソフトウェアパッケージのインストール

The core software components are ALSA, Bluez5, PulseAudio. However there are additional libraries which are required. As well as a player which can play audio files. The following section lists the software packages installed in order to connect the headset and play audio over the headset.

ALSA と関連ライブラリのインストール

ALSA works with the linux kernel to provide audio services to user mode software. The following packages are used with the Bluetooth headset: alsa-utils, alsa-plugins, alsa-tools.

Bluez5 のインストール

Bluez5 is the latest Bluetooth stack. It is required for PulseAudio to interface with wireless headsets. Required packages: bluez, bluez-utils, bluez-libs.

Audacious のインストール

Audacious is a program which plays audio files. It can work directly with ALSA or with PulseAudio. Required packages: audacious, audacious-plugins.

Procedure

Once the required packages are installed, use this procedure to play audio with a bluetooth headset. The high level overview of the procedure is to pair the headset, connect the headset, configure the player and pulse audio controller and then play audio.

Start the bluetooth service as root:

# systemctl start bluetooth

Verify Bluetooth is started

# systemctl status bluetooth
bluetooth.service - Bluetooth service
  Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/bluetooth.service; disabled)
  Active: active (running) since Sat 2013-12-07 12:31:14 PST; 12s ago
    Docs: man:bluetoothd(8)
Main PID: 3136 (bluetoothd)
  Status: "Running"
  CGroup: /system.slice/bluetooth.service
          └─3136 /usr/lib/bluetooth/bluetoothd

Dec 07 12:31:14 t61p systemd[1]: Starting Bluetooth service...
Dec 07 12:31:14 t61p bluetoothd[3136]: Bluetooth daemon 5.11
Dec 07 12:31:14 t61p systemd[1]: Started Bluetooth service.
Dec 07 12:31:14 t61p bluetoothd[3136]: Starting SDP server
Dec 07 12:31:14 t61p bluetoothd[3136]: Bluetooth management interface 1.3 i...ed
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

Start the PulseAudio daemon. This must be done after X windows is started and as a normal user.

$ pulseaudio -D

Verify the PulseAudio daemon is running.

$ pulseaudio --check -v
I: [pulseaudio] main.c: Daemon running as PID 3186

Start up bluetoothctl as root and pair and connect your headset. As a regular user, bluetoothctl will pair but not connect. Perhaps this is related to the config file (shown below) which is setup for what appears to be the root user. Note: the procedure shown below is for an initial pair and connect of the headphone. If the headset is already paired, then the procedure below can be shortened to: power on, agent on, default-agent, connect <mac address>. The mac address can be seen from the devices command output.

 $ bluetoothctl 
 [NEW] Controller 00:1E:4C:F4:98:5B t61p-0 [default]
 [NEW] Device 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9 SoundBot SB220
 [bluetooth]# show
 Controller 00:1E:4C:F4:98:5B
       Name: t61p
       Alias: t61p-0
       Class: 0x000000
       Powered: no
       Discoverable: no
       Pairable: yes
       UUID: PnP Information           (00001200-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: Generic Access Profile    (00001800-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: Generic Attribute Profile (00001801-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: A/V Remote Control        (0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: A/V Remote Control Target (0000110c-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: Audio Source              (0000110a-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: Audio Sink                (0000110b-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       Modalias: usb:v1D6Bp0246d050B
       Discovering: no
 [bluetooth]# power on
 [CHG] Controller 00:1E:4C:F4:98:5B Class: 0x0c010c
 Changing power on succeeded
 [CHG] Controller 00:1E:4C:F4:98:5B Powered: yes
 [bluetooth]# agent on
 Agent registered
 [bluetooth]# default-agent
 Default agent request successful

<power on your headset in pairing mode. Eventually you will see what appears to be a mac address.>

 [bluetooth]# scan on
 Discovery started
 [CHG] Controller 00:1E:4C:F4:98:5B Discovering: yes
 [CHG] Device 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9 RSSI: -61
 [bluetooth]# pair 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9
 Attempting to pair with 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9
 [CHG] Device 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9 Connected: yes
 [CHG] Device 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9 UUIDs has unsupported type
 [CHG] Device 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9 Paired: yes
 Pairing successful
 [bluetooth]# connect 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9
 [CHG] Device 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9 Connected: yes
 Connection successful
 [bluetooth]# info 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9
 Device 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9
       Name: SoundBot SB220
       Alias: SoundBot SB220
       Class: 0x240404
       Icon: audio-card
       Paired: yes
       Trusted: no
       Blocked: no
       Connected: yes
       LegacyPairing: yes
       UUID: Headset                   (00001108-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: Audio Sink                (0000110b-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: A/V Remote Control Target (0000110c-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: A/V Remote Control        (0000110e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)
       UUID: Handsfree                 (0000111e-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb)

Start up alsamixer, for simplicity un-mute all your outputs. Oddly enough some can be muted though. The ones I had muted during playback were:

• Headphones
• SPIDF

Start up audacious. Use the menu to select PulseAudio as your output. Somewhere I read that bluez5 requires pulseaudio-git and this jives with my experience.

Start up pavucontrol in a terminal. In the Outputs tab select the bluetooth headset.

screenshot of application settings

Miscellaneous configuration files

For reference, these settings were also done.

ALSA /etc/asound.conf

The settings shown at the top of this page was used, but the additional modification for Intel laptop sound cards.

pcm.btheadset {
  type plug
  slave {
    pcm {
      type bluetooth
      device 00:1A:7D:12:36:B9
      profile "auto"
    }
  }
  hint {
    show on
    description "BT Headset"
  }
}
ctl.btheadset {
  type bluetooth
}
options snd-hda-intel model=laptop

/etc/dbus-1/system.d/bluetooth.conf

The settings here seem to be enabled for root only. See the policy user="root" section. However, if a regular user is specified here, the system fails to start. Someone with more knowledge could explain why.

/etc/dbus-1/system.d/bluetooth.conf

<!-- This configuration file specifies the required security policies for Bluetooth core daemon to work. -->

<!DOCTYPE busconfig PUBLIC "-//freedesktop//DTD D-BUS Bus Configuration 1.0//EN"
  "http://www.freedesktop.org/standards/dbus/1.0/busconfig.dtd">
<busconfig>

  <!-- ../system.conf have denied everything, so we just punch some holes -->

  <policy user="root">
    <allow own="org.bluez"/>
    <allow send_destination="org.bluez"/>
    <allow send_interface="org.bluez.Agent1"/>
    <allow send_interface="org.bluez.MediaEndpoint1"/>
    <allow send_interface="org.bluez.MediaPlayer1"/>
    <allow send_interface="org.bluez.ThermometerWatcher1"/>
    <allow send_interface="org.bluez.AlertAgent1"/>
    <allow send_interface="org.bluez.Profile1"/>
    <allow send_interface="org.bluez.HeartRateWatcher1"/>
    <allow send_interface="org.bluez.CyclingSpeedWatcher1"/>
  </policy>

  <policy at_console="true">
    <allow send_destination="org.bluez"/>
  </policy>

  <!-- allow users of lp group (printing subsystem) to communicate with bluetoothd -->
  <policy group="lp">
    <allow send_destination="org.bluez"/>
  </policy>

  <policy context="default">
    <deny send_destination="org.bluez"/>
  </policy>

</busconfig>

テスト済みのアプリケーション

As noted above this will work easily with audacious. YouTube videos with Chromium and Flash Player will work on some videos. If the video has ads it will not work, but if the video does not have ads it will work. Just make sure that after audacious is working with Bluetooth headset, start Chromium, and navigate to YouTube. Find a video without leading ads, and it should play the audio. If the settings icon has the a menu with two drop-down combo boxes for Speed and Quality it will play.

HSV と A2DP の設定の切り替え

This can easily be achieved by the following command where 2 needs to be changed with the correct device number.

pacmd set-card-profile 2 a2dp_sink

PulseAudio で A2DP が動作しない

If PulseAudio fails when changing the profile to A2DP with bluez 4.1+ and PulseAudio 3.0+, you can try disabling the Socket interface from /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf by removing the line Enable=Socket and adding line Disable=Socket.

テスト済みのヘッドセット

機種	バージョン	コメント	対応状況
Philips SHB9150	bluez5, pulseaudio 5	Pause and resume does not work. With at least mpv and Banshee hitting the pause button stops audio output but does not pause the player.	Limited
Philips SHB9100		Pause and resume is flaky. See [1] for the underlying issue and a temporary solution to improve audio quality.	Limited
Philips SHB7000		Pause and resume is flaky.	Limited
Philips SHB5500BK/00	bluez 5.28, PulseAudio 6.0	Pause and resume is not working.	Limited
Parrot Zik		Firmware 1.04. The microphone is detected, but does not work. Sometimes it lags (but does not stutter); usually this is not noticeable unless playing games, in which case you may switch to a wired connection.	Limited
Sony DR-BT50	bluez{4,5}	Works for a2dp, see [2]). Adapter: D-Link DBT-120 USB dongle.	Yes
Sony SBH50	bluez5	Works for a2dp, Adapter: Broadcom Bluetooth 2.1 Device (Vendor=0a5c ProdID=219b Rev=03.43). Requires the btusb module.	Yes
Sony MDR-XB950BT	pulseaudio	Tested a2dp. Adapter: Grand-X BT40G. Doesn't auto-connect, need to connect manually. Other functionality works fine.	Limited
Sony MUC-M1BT1	bluez5, pulseaudio-gitAUR	Both A2DP & HSP/HFP work fine.	Yes
SoundBot SB220	bluez5, pulseaudio-gitAUR		Yes
Auna Air 300	bluez5, pulseaudio-git	For some reason, a few restarts were required, and eventually it just started working.	Limited
Sennheiser MM 400-X	bluez5, pulseaudio 4.0-6		Yes
Sennheiser MM 550-X Travel	bluez 5.27-1, pulseaudio 5.0-1	Next/Previous buttons work out-of-the-box, Play/Pause does not	Yes
Audionic BlueBeats (B-777)	bluez5, pulseaudio 4.0-6		Yes
Logitech Wireless Headset	bluez 5.14, pulseaudio-git	part number PN 981-000381, advertised for use with iPad	Yes
HMDX Jam Classic Bluetooth	bluez, pulseaudio-git		Yes
PT-810	bluez 5.14, pulseaudio-git	Generic USB-Powered Bluetooth Audio Receiver with 3.5mm headset jack and a2dp profile. Widely available as "USB Bluetooth Receiver." IDs as PT-810.	Yes
Philips SHB4000WT	bluez5	A2DP works, HDP distorted.	Yes
Philips AEA2000/12	bluez5		Yes
Nokia BH-104	bluez4		Yes
Creative AirwaveHD	bluez 5.23	Bluetooth adapter Atheros Communications usb: 0cf3:0036	Yes
Creative HITZ WP380	bluez 5.27, pulseaudio 5.0-1	A2DP Profile only. Buttons work (Play, Pause, Prev, Next). Volume buttons are hardware-only. Auto-connect works but you should include the bluetooth module in "pulseaudio" to switch to it automatically. Clear HD Music Audio (This device support APTx codec but it isn't supported in linux yet). You may have some latency problems which needs pulseaudio restart.	Yes
deleyCON Bluetooth Headset	bluez 5.23	Adapter: CSL - USB nano Bluetooth-Adapter V4.0. Tested a2dp profile. Untested microphone. Does not auto-connect (even when paired and trusted), must connect manually. Play/pause button mutes/unmutes the headphones, not the playback. Playback fwd/bwd buttons do not work (nothing visible with xev).	Limited
UE BOOM	bluez 5.27, pulseaudio-git 5.99	Update to latest UE BOOM fw 1.3.58. Sound latency in video solved by configuring pavucontrol. Works with UE BOOM x2.	Yes
LG HBS-730	bluez 5.27, pulseaudio 5.0	Works out of box.	Yes
Beats Studio Wireless	bluez 5.28, pulseaudio 6.0	Works out of box. Not tested multimedia buttons.	Yes
AKG Y45BT	bluez 5.28, pulseaudio 6.0	Pause and resume does not work. Needs Enable=Socket in /etc/bluetooth/audio.conf.	Yes

参照

Using the same device on Windows and Linux without pairing the device over and over again

• Dual booting with a Bluetooth keyboard