Chromium 設定

関連記事

• Chromium
• Firefox 設定

ブラウズのエクスペリエンス

chrome://xxx

URL フィールドに chrome://xxx と入力することで様々な設定にアクセスすることができます。完全なリストは URL フィールドに chrome://chrome-urls と入力することで見ることが可能です。以下有名な URL のリスト:

• chrome://flags - WebGL などの実験的な機能や GPU によるウェブページのレンダリングなどにアクセスできます。
• chrome://plugins - 現在使用している Chromium プラグインを表示・有効化・無効化。
• chrome://gpu - 様々な GPU オプションの状態。
• chrome://sandbox - indicate sandbox status.
• chrome://version - display version and switches used to invoke the active /usr/bin/chromium.

An automatically updated, complete listing of Chromium switches is available here.

ダウンロードタブのアイコンが表示されない

If Chromium shows icon placeholders (icons representing broken documents) instead of appropriate icons in its download tab, the likely cause is that the gnome-icon-theme package is not installed.

Chromium が Preferences ファイルを上書きしてしまう

Google アカウントの同期を有効にしている場合、$HOME/.config/chromium/Default/Preferences 下の Preferences ファイルに直接編集を加えていても Chromium によって上書きされてしまいます。上書きされないようにするには、--disable-sync-preferences スイッチを付けて Chromium を起動してください:

$ chromium --disable-sync-preferences

If Chromium is started in the background when you login in to your desktop environment, make sure the command your desktop environment uses is

$ chromium --disable-sync-preferences --no-startup-window

検索エンジン

Make sites like wiki.archlinux.org and wikipedia.org easily searchable by first executing a search on those pages, then going to Settings > Search and click the Manage search engines.. button. From there, "Edit" the Wikipedia entry and change its keyword to "w" (or some other shortcut you prefer). Now searching Wikipedia for "Arch Linux" from the address bar is done simply by entering "w arch linux".

ノート: Google search is used automatically when typing something into the URL bar. A hard-coded keyword trigger is also available using the ? prefix.

Tmpfs

tmpfs にキャッシュ

ノート: Chromium actually keeps its cache directory separate from its browser profile directory.

To limit Chromium from writing its cache to a physical disk, one can define an alternative location via the --disk-cache-dir=/foo/bar flag:

$ chromium --disk-cache-dir=/tmp/cache

Cache should be considered temporary and will not be saved after a reboot or hard lock.

Alternative way, in /etc/fstab:

tmpfs	/home/<USER>/.cache	tmpfs	noatime,nodev,nosuid,size=400M	0	0

ノート: Adjust the size as needed and be careful. If the size is too large and you are using a sync daemon such as psd on a conventional HDD, it will likely result in very slow start-up times of your graphical system due to long sync back times of the daemon.

tmpfs にプロファイル

Relocate the browser profile to a tmpfs filesystem, including /tmp, or /dev/shm for improvements in application response as the entire profile is now stored in RAM.

Use an active profile management script for maximal reliability and ease of use.

profile-sync-daemon^AUR is such a script and is directly available from the AUR. It symlinks and syncs the browser profile directories to RAM. Refer to the Profile-sync-daemon wiki article for additional information on it.

新しいブラウザインスタンスを起動

When you launch the browser, it first checks if another instance using the same profile is already running. If there is one, the new window is associated with the old instance. To prevent this, you can specifically ask the browser to run with a different profile.

$ chromium --user-data-dir=<PATH TO A PROFILE>

ノート: It won't work if you specify a link or even a symlink to your regular chromium profile (typically ~/.config/chromium/Default). If you want to use the same profile as your current one for this new instance, first copy the folder ~/.config/chromium/Default to a directory of your choice, keeping the same Default name, and launch the browser using the following command by specifying the parent folder of the Default folder you have just copied.

For example, if you copied the Default folder to ~/Downloads

$ chromium --user-data-dir=~/Downloads

torrent クライアントで *.torrent ファイルやマグネットリンクを直接開く

By default, Chromium downloads *.torrent files directly and you need to click the notification from the bottom left corner of the screen in order for the file to be opened with your default torrent client. This can be avoided with the following method:

• Download a *.torrent file.
• Right click the notification displayed at the bottom left corner of the screen.
• Check the "Always Open Files of This Type" checkbox.

For torrent magnet links to open with Deluge automatically when they are clicked, run the following commands:

ノート: If you would like to use Transmission instead of Deluge, you can use transmission-gtk.desktop here instead.

$ gvfs-mime --set x-scheme-handler/magnet deluge.desktop
$ xdg-mime default deluge.desktop x-scheme-handler/magnet

タッチスクリーンデバイスでタッチスクロール

Chrome と Chromium はデフォルトではタッチスクリーンをサポートしていません。chrome の 'flags' から変更できる設定がいくつかあり、あなたの使用しているデバイスで使うことができるかもしれません。公式リポジトリの chromium や AUR の google-chrome でテスト済みです。

• Browse to chrome://flags and set everything to default. (You can skip if you want to)
• Switch 'Enable Touch events' to Enabled. chrome://flags/#touch-events
• Switch 'Touch Scrolling Mode' to sync-touchmove. chrome://flags/#touch-scrolling-mode
• Restart chrome and touch scrolling should be working. If it does not, it is worth trying the other modes they have.

既知のバグ:

• Touch Scrolling sometimes stops working after resuming from suspend. Restarting the browser seems to fix it.
• Touching tabs to switch to them is unstable. There is no known fix for this yet.
• You may need to specify which touch device to use. Find your touchscreen device with xinput list then launch Chromium with the --touch-devices=x parameter where x is the id of your device.

システムトレイアイコンの無効化

Open the URL chrome://flags in the browser. Disable these flags:

• enable-sync-synced-notifications
• enable-google-now
• device-discovery-notifications
• enable-experimental-notification-ui (Chrome/Chromium 34 only)

Click the restart button at the bottom of the page.

プロファイルのメンテナンス

Chromium は Sqlite データベースを使用して履歴やお気に入りを管理しています。Sqlite データベースは使っているうちに断片化していきます。しかしながら、データベースをチェックしたり最適化するプロセスが存在しないため、断片化によって段々とパフォーマンスに影響が出て来ます。デフラグを行ってデータベースから未使用領域を削除することで、起動時間やブックマークや履歴に関連する作業を素早く実行することができます。

AUR の profile-cleaner^AUR と browser-vacuum^AUR でメンテナンスができます。

セキュリティ

安全でない RC4 暗号を無効化

Since a while RC4 is declared as insecure, but the cipher is still in Chrome present. You should disable the cipher in Chrome. This can be done by starting chrome from the command line with following option:

/usr/bin/chromium --cipher-suite-blacklist=0x0001,0x0002,0x0004,0x0005,0x0017,0x0018,0xc002,0xc007,0xc00c,0xc011,0xc016,0xff80,0xff81,0xff82,0xff83

You can check for that on https://cc.dcsec.uni-hannover.de/ for the supported list if ciphers. Make sure to test it before and after you make the change.

To make the change persistent, you can modify the /etc/chromium/default and add the line above. To check, open the website mentioned before. A alternative is to grep inside of your process list for the keyword cipher.

External Information:

There is no cleaner way to disable. Also the source-code only show the right hexadecimal value for the single cipher. basic information with recommendation to disable RC4 on wikipedia RC4

German Blog showing to disable RC4 in common browsers.

ユーザーエージェント

By default Chromium already sends an excessively detailed User Agent, as is viewable via the EFF's Panopticlick test. That alone makes each browser readily identifiable with high accuracy — and is further exacerbated by the use of non-stable versions, ones not recently provided by Google's release channels, ones customized e.g. by a distribution.

However, this User Agent can be arbitrarily modified at the start of Chromium's base instance via its --user-agent="[string]" parameter.

For the same User Agent as the stable Chrome release for Linux i686 (at the time of writing the most popular Linux edition of Chrome) one would use:

--user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686) AppleWebKit/535.2 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/20.0.1132.47 Safari/536.11"

An official, automatically updated listing of Chromium releases which also shows the included WebKit version is available as the OmahaProxy Viewer.

SSL 証明書

Chromium doesn't have a SSL certificate manager. It relies on the NSS Shared DB ~/.pki.nssdb. In order to add SSL certificates to the database, users will have to use the shell.

自己署名証明書の CAcert 証明書を追加

Grab the CAcerts and create a nssdb if one does not already exist. To do this, first install the nss package, then complete these steps:

[[ ! -e $HOME/.pki/nssdb ]] && mkdir -p $HOME/.pki/nssdb && cd $HOME/.pki/nssdb && certutil -N -d sql:.

ノート: Users will need to create a password for the database should it not exist.

curl -k -o "cacert-root.crt" "http://www.cacert.org/certs/root.crt"
curl -k -o "cacert-class3.crt" "http://www.cacert.org/certs/class3.crt"
certutil -d sql:$HOME/.pki/nssdb -A -t TC -n "CAcert.org" -i cacert-root.crt 
certutil -d sql:$HOME/.pki/nssdb -A -t TC -n "CAcert.org Class 3" -i cacert-class3.crt

ノート: Users will need to create a password for the database should it not exist.

Now users may manually import a self-signed certificate.

例 1: Using a Shell Script Isolate the Certificate from TomatoUSB

Below is a simple script that will extract and add a certificate to the user's nssdb:

#!/bin/sh
#
# usage:  import-cert.sh remote.host.name [port]
#
REMHOST=$1
REMPORT=${2:-443}
exec 6>&1
exec > $REMHOST
echo | openssl s_client -connect ${REMHOST}:${REMPORT} 2>&1 |sed -ne '/-BEGIN CERTIFICATE-/,/-END CERTIFICATE-/p'
certutil -d sql:$HOME/.pki/nssdb -A -t TC -n "$REMHOST" -i $REMHOST 
exec 1>&6 6>&-

Syntax is advertised in the commented lines.

Reference:

• http://blog.avirtualhome.com/adding-ssl-certificates-to-google-chrome-linux-ubuntu

例 2: Using Firefox to Isolate the Certificate from TomatoUSB

The firefox browser can used to save the certificate to a file for manunal import into the DB.

Using firefox:

1. Browse to the target URL.
2. Upon seeing the "This Connection is Untrusted" warning screen, click I understand the Risks>Add Exception...
3. Click View>Details>Export and save the certificate to a temporary location (/tmp/easy.pem in this example).

Now import the certificate for use in Chromium:

certutil -d sql:$HOME/.pki/nssdb -A -t TC -n "easy" -i /tmp/easy.pem

ノート: Adjust the name to match that of the certificate. In the example above, "easy" is the name on the certificate.

Reference:

• http://sahissam.blogspot.com/2012/06/new-ssl-certificates-for-tomatousb-and.html

フラグを永続的に設定

You can export your flags from ~/.profile:

export CHROMIUM_USER_FLAGS="--disk-cache-dir=/tmp --disk-cache-size=50000000"

Or add them to /etc/chromium/default:

# Default settings for chromium. This file is sourced by /usr/bin/chromium
#
# Options to pass to chromium
CHROMIUM_FLAGS="--scroll-pixels=200"

Chromium will prefer the user defined flags in CHROMIUM_USER_FLAGS to those defined in /etc/chromium/default.

If you want to use CHROMIUM_USER_FLAGS and Pepperflash, you should add Chromium Pepperflash arguments to your ~/.profile file.

pepperflash_version=`grep -i version /usr/lib/PepperFlash/manifest.json | awk '{print $2}' | awk -F"\"" '{print $2}'`
export CHROMIUM_USER_FLAGS="--ppapi-flash-path=/usr/lib/PepperFlash/libpepflashplayer.so --ppapi-flash-version=$pepperflash_version"

参照

• Profile-sync-daemon - Systemd service that saves Chromium profile in tmpfs and syncs to disk
• Tmpfs - Tmpfs Filesystem in /etc/fstab
• Official tmpfs kernel Documentation