Waydroid

議論: Need to improve style. (議論: トーク:Waydroid#)

Waydroidは、通常の GNU/Linux システム上で完全な Android システムを起動するためのコンテナベースのアプローチです。

前提条件

CPU 要件

要件は CPU アーキテクチャによって異なります。詳しくはテーブルで確認することができます。

必要な CPU 命令があるかどうかは、cat /proc/cpuinfo で確認することができます。

GPU 要件

Waydroid は現在 Intel GPU で最適に動作します。それらはすぐに使用できるはずです。

すべての AMD GPU はサポートされています。もし Waydroid が動作しない場合は、新しい Waydroid イメージ(Radeon 680M で動作)をビルドするか、以下の NVIDIA の手順を試してみてください。

NVIDIA GPU は現在動作しませんが、2 つの回避策があります:

可能であれば、統合型グラフィックカードに変更する
ソフトウェアレンダリングを使用します：
- すでに waydroid init が実行されていることを確認してください。(インストール]]の項を参照）。
- /var/lib/waydroid/waydroid_base.prop を編集し、
```
ro.hardware.gralloc=default
ro.hardware.egl=swiftshader
```
  に設定する。
- 再起動し、waydroid-container.service を起動します。

Wayland セッションマネージャ

Waydroid は Wayland セッションマネージャーでのみ動作しますので、Wayland セッションであることを確認してください。

X11 にいる場合でも、多くの Wayland セッションマネージャはネストされたセッションをサポートしていることに注意してください（X11 セッションの中で実行することができます）。

Kernel Modules

You need to run a kernel which comes with the binder modules and optionally the ashmem one. They are not part of Arch Linux's default kernel (linux), thus you need to install a kernel which ships these modules.

You might also need to configure your bootloader to use a different kernel. Please refer to the wiki page of your bootloader how to boot with the new kernel. Booting into another kernel (version) is one of the few occasions when you have to reboot a Linux system. You should boot into the kernel with these modules before starting Waydroid.

ノート: Since waydroid^AUR 1.2.1 ashmem is not needed anymore, memfd can be used instead, see issue. This because ashmem has been completely replaced by memfd in mainline Linux since version 5.18, see commit.

To get a compatible kernel, you have multiple options:

Using Linux-Zen

The linux-zen kernel includes the necessary modules. This might be the most comfortable way, as you do not have to compile the kernel (which takes a long time) and will receive updated versions regularly.

DKMS modules

You can install anbox-modules-dkms-git^AUR and load kernel modules with:

# modprobe ashmem_linux
# modprobe binder_linux

Alternatively, if your kernel is 5.18 or newer, install binder_linux-dkms^AUR, which provides just binder_linux.

Building a kernel

Alternatively, you can recompile the linux kernel — or other kernel packages (>=5.7) — with the necessary options. Also see Kernel#Compilation.

When setting compilation options, you have 2 options available; binder and binderfs. Instructions for both are provided below.

Using binder

The modules can either be compiled into the kernel (y), into modules (m), or not at all (n). Also, not all combinations in the configuration are possible, and some options will require other options.

The configuration options below will compile binder as a module, while the last option specifies that there will be three devices created in the /dev/ directory, when the binder module is loaded.

CONFIG_ANDROID=y
CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_IPC=m
CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS=n
CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_DEVICES="binder,hwbinder,vndbinder"

When building a kernel from the AUR, one can update the configuration with the following steps:

run makepkg --nobuild, which will download the sources, verify and extract them and run the prepare() function.
edit the .config file (with the dot in the filename), which is located at the base of the kernel directory.
at the end of the prepare() function was probably a command which regenerates the makefiles with information from the configuration, possibly make olddefconfig. Move that to the build() function, or execute it yourself.
run makepkg --noextract, which will continue from the place where makepkg --nobuild stopped.

Using binderfs

The binder kernel module is known to cause some issues to several users. To address these issues, binderfs was created. One has to choose between the old and the new way when compiling the kernel. With the options below, one will use binderfs instead.

With the kernel sources comes also a simple script to set configuration options. It will not do dependency checks, just like when editing the configuration by hand. When being in the same directory where the .config file lies, one can execute the following commands:

$ scripts/config --enable  CONFIG_ANDROID
$ scripts/config --enable  CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_IPC
$ scripts/config --enable  CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDERFS
$ scripts/config --set-str CONFIG_ANDROID_BINDER_DEVICES ""

When building a kernel from the AUR, it is enough to insert these lines at the right place in the PKGBUILD, usually in prepare().

Setup binder devices

Make sure you have the latest version of Waydroid package, and Waydroid will take automatically care of this.

Installation

Install the waydroid^AUR package.

Optionally, install waydroid-image^AUR or waydroid-image-gapps^AUR to provide the needed Android image through AUR. It is however recommended to let Waydroid itself handle downloading the images.

Afterwards init Waydroid, this will automatically download the latest Android image if it is not yet available.

# waydroid init

To init with GApps support:

# waydroid init -s GAPPS -f

Next start/enable the waydroid-container.service.

Waydroid should now work.

Usage

Make sure that waydroid-container.service is running then run:

$ waydroid session start

The Waydroid session is now active, here are a couple of useful commands to interact with it:

Launch GUI:

$ waydroid show-full-ui

Launch shell:

# waydroid shell

Install an application:

$ waydroid app install $path_to_apk

Run an application:

$ waydroid app launch $package-name #Can be retrieved with `waydroid app list`

Network

The network should work out of the box, if its not you might need to make sure packet forwarding is enabled in kernel and allow the following rules through your firewall before running Waydroid session start.

Taking ufw as an example:

Dns traffic needs to be allowed:
- ```
# ufw allow 67
```
- ```
# ufw allow 53
```
Packet forwarding needs to be allowed:
- ```
# ufw default allow FORWARD
```

For firewalld, you can use those commands:

DNS:

# firewall-cmd --zone=trusted --add-port=67/udp

# firewall-cmd --zone=trusted --add-port=53/udp

Packet forwarding:

# firewall-cmd --zone=trusted --add-forward

ノート: We assume that interface waydroid0 created by waydroid should be in the firewalld zone trusted automatically. If not so, please adjust those commands above or move interface waydroid0 to trusted. You may also need

# firewall-cmd --runtime-to-permanent

to make your changes exist after a restart.

Troubleshooting

If you run into issues, take a look at the official Issue Tracker: Waydroid issue tracker

General tips

Waydroid is in rapid developement so if you face issues, here is a good list of steps to do first:

Make sure your Waydroid package is up to date;
Make sure you have the latest Waydroid image by running
```
# waydroid upgrade
```
Reset Waydroid: stop the waydroid-container.service, run
```
# waydroid init -f
```
and start the service again.

You may also want to do little cleanup, run

# rm -rf /var/lib/waydroid /home/.waydroid

$ rm -rf ~/waydroid ~/.share/waydroid ~/.local/share/applications/*aydroid* ~/.local/share/waydroid

Rotated apps are unusable

See https://github.com/waydroid/waydroid/issues/70

Click F11 to switch the current app to windowed mode.

Failed to start Clipboard manager service

Install python-pyclip^AUR

Sometimes the physical keyboard does not work

Press Left Alt key.

dnsmasq: failed to open pidfile /run/waydroid-lxc/dnsmasq.pid: Permission denied

apparmor rule is not set, goto /etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.dnsmasq and add below

#/etc/apparmor.d/usr.sbin.dnsmasq

@{run}/waydroid-lxc/ r,
@{run}/waydroid-lxc/* rw,

Commands inside Waydroid shell outputs inaccessible or not found

On Arch based distributions there's a "bug" that may appear while working with lxc-attach that may cause this issue with commands inside waydroid shell like adbd or settings.

A possible workaround for this would be replace the

# waydroid shell

command with

# lxc-attach -P /var/lib/waydroid/lxc/ -n waydroid --clear-env

WARNING: Service manager /dev/binder has died

See https://github.com/waydroid/waydroid/issues/136

You should enable PSI. Add psi=1 to the kernel command line.